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Pain is a disturbed sensation that may cause disability, suffering, or distress.

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Posture is the alignment and positioning of the body in relation to gravity, center of mass, or base of support.

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Range of motion is the arc through which active and passive movement occurs at a joint or a series of joints and the angle(s) created during this limb or trunk movement.

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Reflex integrity is the soundness of the neural path involved in a reflex. A reflex is a stereotypic, involuntary reaction to sensory stimuli.

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Sensory integrity is the soundness of cortical sensory processing, including proprioception, vibration sense, stereognosis, and cutaneous sensation.

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Skeletal integrity is the optimal alignment, density, and soundness of the bony structures of the body.

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Work life integration or reintegration is the process of assuming or resuming activities and roles in work settings.

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Individuals, communities, and populations can access physical therapist services either by self-referral (sometimes termed "direct access") or by referral from another provider. Other medical providers may refer individuals to physical therapists for a physical therapist examination (including tests

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The processes of the examination and evaluation described in Chapter 3 set the stage for the determination of the diagnosis and prognosis. The plan for intervention and the outcomes is then guided by the diagnosis and prognosis.

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Chapter 1 provides a brief introduction to the postgraduation career advancement opportunities available to physical therapists and physical therapist assistants. In the Core Values for the Physical Therapist and Physical Therapist Assistant, excellence in the provision of physical therapist services